Furthermore, we will systematically examine the specific impact of smoking on key liver pathologies, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), chronic viral hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
People only become symptomatic once the liver is being destroyed, which can lead to cancer or even liver failure. Gonzalezs former postdoctoral fellow, Changtao Jiang, M.D., Ph.D., currently a professor at Peking University, Beijing, China, identified a type of bacteria found in the human gut that can naturally metabolize nicotine in tobacco
Steliga MA
These investigations help track disease progression and guide management decisions